紐時賞析/法國核電廠半數搶修 今冬供電拉警報
Racing to Fix Problems, France Braces for Non-Nuclear Winter.
An army of engineers has fanned out through nuclear power plants across France in recent months, inspecting reactors for signs of wear and tear. Hundreds of expert welders have been recruited to repair problems found in cooling circuits. Stress tests are being conducted to check for safety problems.
近幾個月,一隊工程人員在法國各地核電廠展開調查,檢查反應爐磨損跡象,數百名焊工專家被招來修理冷卻電路中的問題。為檢查安全問題,正進行壓力測試。
As Europe braces for a winter without Russian gas, France is moving fast to repair a series of problems plaguing its atomic fleet. A record 26 of its 56 reactors are offline for maintenance or repairs after the worrisome discovery of cracks and corrosion in some pipes used to cool reactor cores.
隨著歐洲面臨沒有俄羅斯天然氣的冬天,法國正迅速採取行動,修復困擾其核電艦隊的一系列問題。在一些用來冷卻爐心的管線出現令人擔憂的裂縫與腐蝕後,56座反應爐中有26座因維護或維修而離線,創下紀錄。
The crisis is upending the role that France has long played as Europe’s biggest producer of nuclear energy, raising questions about how much its nuclear power arsenal will be able to help bridge the continent’s looming crunch.
這場危機正顛覆法國長期作為歐洲最大核能生產國的角色,令人質疑法國核電廠能發揮多大作用,協助緩解歐陸迫在眉睫的能源短缺。
The state-backed nuclear power operator, Électricité de France, or EDF, which runs France’s nuclear power industry, said last week that it was working on an accelerated schedule to get all but 10 reactors running again by January, adding that there were no safety risks and that regulators were monitoring every step. President Emmanuel Macron’s government has been pressing the company to improve performance before freezing weather sets in.
國家支持的核能營運商法國電力公司(EDF)上周表示,該公司正加快進度,打算在明年一月前讓10座反應爐以外的所有反應爐恢復運作,並稱此舉不存在安全風險,監管單位正監控每個步驟。法國總統馬克宏政府一直呼籲該公司在寒冷天氣來臨前改善其表現。
“We were faced with an unprecedented situation and have gotten past the worst,” Regis Clement, EDF’s deputy general manager of nuclear production, said at a briefing. “We are doing our best to play a role in the energy crisis,” he added.
EDF核能生產部門副總經理克萊蒙在記者會上說:「我們面臨前所未有的形勢,但已度過最糟糕時期。」他說:「我們正盡最大努力在能源危機中發揮作用。」
The troubles facing EDF — a fresh outbreak of safety-related incidents, combined with delays to the company’s repair schedule — could not be hitting at a worse time. Russian President Vladimir Putin’s tactic of withholding energy to punish countries supporting Ukraine is pushing Europe to transform how it generates and saves power. Countries are banding together to stock additional power supplies, while pushing out major conservation programs.
安全相關事件爆發,加上維修計畫延宕,讓EDF的麻煩在一個不能再糟的時候出現。俄羅斯總統普亭用扣押能源來懲罰支持烏克蘭國家的策略,正推動歐洲改變發電跟節約能源方式。各國聯合起來儲備額外電力供應,同時推出重大節能計畫。
Europe’s energy security remains on a thin edge, creating a sense of urgency in France to get its nuclear power program back on track. Macron’s government this month introduced a measure in parliament to speed up an ambitious plan to build six mammoth reactors starting in 2028.
歐洲能源安全依舊岌岌可危,這讓法國產生一種讓核電計畫重回正軌的緊迫感。馬克宏政府本月在國會提出一項法案,將加快從2028年起興建6座巨型反應爐的宏大計畫。
文/Liz Alderman 譯/陳韋廷
說文解字看新聞
【張佑生】
軍隊是有紀律的團體,所以用army of形容一大群人時,絕非隨機湊在一起的民眾,而是一大批人有計畫有組織地做同一件事情,有複數用法:Armies of rescue workers are sorting through the rubble.也指一群人位於相同處境:the growing army of the unemployed.
Fan out指一群人一面向前走一面在一寬廣區域「扇形散開」:Officers fanned out across the field to look for clues.
Brace for是為某事做好準備,而且是不好的事:The city is bracing itself for the hurricane.被動式用法:Financial markets are braced for another turbulent week.
Back on track字面意思為「重回軌道」,引申指歷經失敗、打擊後,重新振作,恢復到正常的狀況。It may take a lot of effort to get everything back on track after the pandemic.(疫情過後,可能需要付出很多努力才能讓一切重回正軌。)
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